Time: October 18th, 2017, 09:00am
Venue: Academic Report Hall of Department of Biotechnology
Lecturer: Dr. Stephen A. Wise, National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), Chemical Sciences Division; and National Institutes of Health, Office of Dietary Supplements
Introduction:
Dr. Stephen A. Wise is currently a Scientific Consultant in the Office of Dietary Supplements at the National Institutes of Health (NIH-ODS) where he provides support for the Analytical Methods and Reference Materials Program.He retired in 2016 from the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) in Gaithersburg, Maryland, where he is now a Scientist Emeritis.He received a B.A. in Chemistry from Weber State University and a Ph.D. in Analytical Chemistry from Arizona State University.During his 40-year career at NIST, he was involved primarily in the development of Standard Reference Materials (SRMs) for trace organic constituents in environmental, clinical, food, and dietary supplement matrices; development of chromatographic methods for organic analysis, particularly for polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); and investigations of chromatographic separation mechanisms and chromatographic selectivity for PAHs.
Dr. Wise is currently an editor of the journal Analytical and Bioanalytical Chemistry, Topical Editor for Analytical Separation Techniques for Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds, and on the Editorial Board of Accreditation and Quality Assurance.He served as Chairman of the Division of Analytical Chemistry of the American Chemical Society (1996) and as President of the International Society of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds (2003-2005). He received the 2001 Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Research Award of the International Society of Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds (ISPAC), the 2006 Harvey W. Wiley Award from AOAC International, the 2014 Reference Material Achievement Award from the Technical Division on Reference Materials of AOAC International, and the 2015 Hillebrand Prize from the Chemical Society of Washington.In 2013, he was selected as a Fellow of the American Chemical Society.He is the author or coauthor of over 350 peer-reviewed and special publications and book chapters.
Abstract:
In 1971 the National Bureau of Standards (NBS), now the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST), issued what many considered to be the first natural-matrix Standard Reference Material (SRM) for trace constituents, SRM 1571 Orchard Leaves, with certified mass fractions for 19 major, minor, and trace elements. The certified values in this natural-matrix SRM were based on an approach stated by William F. Hillebrand, Chief Chemist at NBS over a century ago, namely, “…..determined by independent and reliable methods affording agreeing results”.In 1980 the first natural-matrix SRM with certified values for trace organic constituents, SRM 1580 Organics in Shale Oil, was issued by NBS. Unfortunately, due to decreased interest in the development of alternate fuels, the shale oil SRM was not used widely, and it was considered by many to be a failure.However, the analytical approach defined as part of the certification of SRM 1580 became the foundation for the implementation of the “two or more independent methods” approach for the certification of trace organic constituents in numerous natural-matrix SRMs developed during the past 40 years.
The first generation of natural-matrix SRMs for trace organic constituents beyond shale oil focused on a limited number of contaminants, i.e., polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs), polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs), and chlorinated pesticides, in environmental matrices e.g., coal tar, marine sediment, air and diesel particulate matter, whale blubber and mussel tissue). The certification approach based on agreement of results from multiple analytical techniques evolved since the first natural matrix SRMs to now provide values for typically 50 to 75 contaminants in an environmental-matrix SRM. Parallel with the development of the multiple analytical techniques approach used for environmental-matrix SRMs, human serum-matrix SRMs for constituents of clinical significance (e.g., cholesterol, glucose, uric acid) were developed with certified values based on a single “definitive” method using isotope-dilution mass spectrometry.
In the past two decades, natural-matrix SRM development at NIST has expanded to include measurements of vitamins and nutrients in food (e.g., infant formula, milk, eggs, peanut butter, and multivitamin tablets), active and/or marker ingredients in botanical dietary supplements (e.g., ginkgo biloba, saw palmetto, fish, and plant oils, and green tea), and vitamin metabolites in human serum to support chemical measurements to assess human nutritional status. These natural-matrix SRMs are distributed worldwide to assist in the validation of the complete analytical measurement process (i.e., sample extraction, cleanup, separation, and quantification) and for quality control of routine chemical measurements.
The presentation will describe the development of natural-matrix SRMs for environmental, clinical, food, and dietary supplement measurements. Examples of SRM development will be presented to illustrate the evolution of the certification approach and the challenges encountered in both the production and analysis of these unique materials.
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